pepperberg study procedure

The training procedure used in the Pepperberg was based on the concept of ____ by _____. A comparative study of human and parrot phonation: I. Acoustic and articulatory correlates of vowels. Testing locations and living conditions when neither testing nor training was in progress were described in Pepperberg and Wilkes (2004). Pepperberg study STUDY Flashcards Learn Write Spell Test PLAY Match Gravity Vocabulary Click card to see definition 1. They would ask 'What's Same?' or 'What's Different?'. They present objects and ask questions about the objects. Explain the procedure of this technique. Even for humans, some researchers still disagree on what constitutes various . 0. 2-4 times a week. Suggest one real-world application based on the procedure of this study. Later the paired-associate learning task began. M/R approach 4. 1 mark per correct answer Rose/red; Grey; Green; Blue; Yellow; 2 7(b) Outline one result from the 'Transfer Tests with Novel Objects'. School Summerfield High School; Course Title SOCIAL STUDIES 2107350; Uploaded By . However, Dr. Pepperberg's studies completely changed the field as she demonstrated the capabilities of the African gray parrot through various exercises in cognition. (aggression) used a sample of . Played 0 times. modeling; Bandura. The results of these studies (Pepperberg et al., 2008; Pepperberg and Nakayama, 2016) demonstrate how testing nonhumans that understand and appropriately use symbolic reference allows the closest possible comparison with human data, an examination of exactly how nonhumans perceive their world, and of how this perceived information is processed. 1 From the study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep and dreams): (a) Name the technique used to measure brain activity. 2 marks = full aim 1 mark = partial aim . the parrot in interactions, to em- . View Pepperberg.docx from SOCIAL STUDIES 2107350 at Summerfield High School. Participants were passengers who were on board. pptx, 10.22 MB. question 1 of 3. Pepperberg.docx - Procedures 1. answer choices . AIM: To find whether doodling would aid information processing by either increasing the efficacy of listening or enhancing memory. pepperberg (1) - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. [1] (c) Outline one of the dreams reported when vertical eye movement was recorded. Alan, American White Parrot. Edit. In each trial, Alex was presented with two objects that could differ in one of three categories: shape, . Alex's ability to work in the vocal mode. 1(c) Outline one ethical guideline that would have been important for Pepperberg to consider when designing this study. Some responses did cover the four evaluation points but were brief or did not use the Pepperberg study as examples which meant the response gained limited credit. 7 From the study by Pepperberg (parrot learning): 7(a) Outline one aim of this study. 2 marks = full aim 1 mark = partial aim . Social Studies. 7.7%. trainer and model, and includes. Principal trainer 7. AIM: To demonstrate that images causing high arousal levels will be remembered better than those that are less emotive. Studies have shown that not only do these parrots develop language in similar ways to humans, but also that Grey Parrots will combine already learned phonetic units and vocalizations to create new labels (Pepperberg 2007). procedures (see Pepperberg, 1999), ours interchanges the roles of. This study was a field experiment on a 7 ½ minute non-stop journey on a New York underground train, using various coaches along the train. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Irene M. Pepperberg, Department of Psychology, Wm James Hall, Harvard Univer-sity, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138. P - Point E - Explain the point E - Example from the study R - Relate to the point on why is it a strength / weakness in the study . Dr. Irene Pepperberg gives us an update on how she is forging ahead despite that challenges posed by COVID-related social distancing requirements and the shutdown of her cognitive behavior research lab on the Harvard campus. Question 1 30 seconds Q. what is the aim of the study? Individual and situational This can be considered in relevance to Pepperberg's study, . Category label 5. . 2 UCLES 2018 9990/12/F/M/18 Answer all questions. 2 UCLES 2018 9990/12/F/M/18 Answer all questions. This study reports the preparation and characterization of cysteine-terminated B-domain (Bd-cys) of Staphylococcus aureus protein A, in combination with immunoglobulin G (IgG . 6 days ago. [4] One human acts as a trainer/teacher to a second human; They present objects and ask questionsabout the objects/asked 'What's Same?'/asked 'What's Different?' Play this game to review Social Studies. 1 mark for what the application is (clearly based on Pepperberg) 1 mark for how it will be achieved by sbantu_08878. Explain the procedure of this technique. 1(a) From the study by Pepperberg (parrot learning): State the aim of this study. Marler 1970). [2] (c) Outline one ethical weakness of this study. Outline the procedure of this technique. In each trial, Alex was. 1 From the study by Dement and Kleitman (sleep and dreams): (a) Name the technique used to measure brain activity. answer choices Could a parrot identify different objects in 3 categories as colours, shapes and materials Could an avian subject use vocal labels to demonstrate symbolic comprehension about the objects given Could a parrot use vocalisation to demonstrate an understanding of same and different Alex scored significantly above chance on familiar objects. 6 days ago. Dependent Variable--Whether the Parrot responds correctly to the question about what is same and different. pptx, 1.56 MB. The participants were given an unexpected recognition test; What was the third category? Procedure Procedure. [2] (b) Outline one methodological strength of this study. Target help is based on the understanding of the situation the individual in need is and therefore the helper requires 'theory of mind'. Study Pepperberg flashcards from (Sherry) 书恬雷's class online, . 1. What was the primary training technique used? Patterson DK, Pepperberg IM. Experiments with Alo and Kyaaro. 4 UCLS 2021 9990/11/M/J/21 (b) (i) Explain how one finding from the study by Pepperberg supports the assumption of the learning approach that you have described in (a). 2(a) In the study by Pepperberg, Alex the parrot was trained using the Model/Rival technique. 1 mark per correct point One human acts as a trainer to a second human; They present objects and ask questions about the objects; They are given praise and rewarded for correct answers; Details of test procedures, including descriptions of precautions against inadvertent and expectation cuing, are summarized below; details are in previous studies by Pepperberg (1981, 1990, 1994a). Pepperberg, I.M. [2] 2 The study by Bandura et al. She is well known for her comparative studies into the cognitive fundamentals of language and communication, and was one of the first to try to extend . The training procedure used in the Pepperberg was based on the concept of ____ by _____. testing procedures that ensured against myriad forms of possible external cuing, both with respect to inadvertent human cuing and . -When asked what color, he could often name the correct color and even combine responses like "green wood" Journal of the . April 20, 2019. miadoesalevels. The label-training procedure is a variant of the model-rival method developed by Irene Pepperberg, an animal psychologist to teach Alex, the African grey parrot . (2000) May 24, 2018. Other responses included three evaluation points that were thorough, logical and well argued with a fourth point that was brief which meant the response gained limited credit. 6(a) From the Canli et al. 1 mark for the result al. [2] 2 The study by Bandura et al. In the study by Pepperberg (parrot learning), the main way that Alex was trained was called the 'model/rival technique'. - Was in studies involving cognition and communication -He was already familiar with 80+ objects . BACKGROUND: During the WW2 Holocaust, approximatively 11 million people were killed by the Nazis under the instructions of Adolf . You must use data in your answer. In this study, Pepperberg used two researchers to converse in the presence of Alex. . Alex scored significantly above chance on novel objects. in Yamamoto, if one chimp was more helpful than another (this would confound an independent measures design); (1 for link) 2 Question Answer Marks 2 The study by Pepperberg (parrot learning) used an animal. 1 mark for what the application is (clearly based on Pepperberg) 1 mark for how it will be achieved - none of the studies shown actual labeling of the relation of sameness or differences 10 Civil Procedure Constitutional Law Contract Law Corporate Law Criminal Law Evidence Family Law . Examples of the former involve our studies on object permanence (knowing that an object still exists even after it is hidden, e.g., Pepperberg, Willner & Gravitz, 1997) and liquid conservation (knowing that changes in shape do not affect changes in volume; Pepperberg et al., 2017); examples of the latter involve our studies on concepts of same . Explain the procedure of this technique. April 26, 2019. miadoesalevels. The first was colour and the second was shape. Symbolic representation 3. (aggression) used a sample of . 1 From the study by Pepperberg (parrot learning): (a) . answer choices . 3 UCLES 2020 9990/12/M/J/20 [Turn over (b) Outline one result from the Food History Inventory in Experiment 2 of this study. This was for first trials answered correctly and those that involved correction procedures. The use of a double blind procedure by ensuring an uninvolved student determined the object pairing and the order of the question meant that both . It is based on methods developed by Todt (1975) and Bandura (1971), and it uses three-way social interactions among two humans and a parrot, as a way to demonstrate the vocal behavior that is to be learned (Pepperberg, 1981; see photos). Additionally, Pepperberg's study can be applied to the nature/nurture debate. CANLI et al. The second human acts as a model to the parrot but, also as a rival for the trainer's attention. Marler 1970). Pepperberg conducted the study at Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts. labs (Todt 1975, Peron et. ANDRADE (2010) May 26, 2018. The participants were given an unexpected recognition test; Save. Procedures 1. File previews. Continuous reinforcement 2. Alex scored significantly above chance on probes. April 25, 2019. miadoesalevels. Subject. Researchers should choose an Researchers must consider using alternatives such as videos from Procedures . -Could already name certain colors, shapes, and materials. There was a standardised procedure meaning reliability could be assessed (1 mark) 2 . A previous study (Rutledge & Pepperberg 1988) showed that Alex could respond to objects presented via a live video link; Grey Parrots thus can recognise two-dimensional video representations. 0% average accuracy. The 'Model-Rival' technique used by Pepperberg is based on social learning. 3(c) Outline one ethical weakness of this study. Most Europeans . Experiments with Alo and Kyaaro. In the study by Pepperberg (parrot learning), a principal trainer and secondary trainers were used during the 'test procedures'. Explain the procedure of this technique. Suggest one real-world application based on the procedure of this study. 1 mark for naming the guideline and 1 mark for description e.g. Testing occurred 1-4 times/wk, excluding breaks (holidays, intersession, other examiner absences, periods of noncompliance), from December, 2005 to April, 2007. . 11th - 12th grade . 1 mark per correct feature of the procedure . Irene PEPPERBERG | Cited by 6,376 | of Harvard University, MA (Harvard) | Read 174 publications | Contact Irene PEPPERBERG The training procedure used in the Pepperberg was based on the concept . Operational definition 9. Note that this procedure replicated the early studies of song learning in birds in social isolation (e.g. 2.4.2 General test procedures . By the time of his death in 2007, Alex had amassed a variety of skills generally thought beyond animal reasoning. The idea of zero as a nonexistent quantity was not obvious to early human cultures, Pepperberg said. The approach efficiently teaches a parrot both how to speak and how to use its speech appropriately. MILGRAM ( 1963) May 28, 2018. E-mail: impepper@ wjh.harvard.edu or impepper@media . IV(s) & DV(s) Independent Variable--whether the object is familiar or novel. Some believed that the 'theory of mind' and therefore altruistic helping is . Secondary trainer 8. A reward is given for the right responses. Subsequent studies showed that another mimid, the starling (Sturnus vulgaris), acquires human utterances only in conjunction with social interaction (West, Straud, and King 1983), and that white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophyrs) learn allospecific song (e.g., of a strawberry finch, Amandava amadava) from live but not taped tutors . Replacement (1 mark). Dr. Irene Pepperberg (born April 1, 1949, Brooklyn, New York) is a scientist noted for her studies in animal cognition, particularly in relation to parrots.She is a visiting professor of psychology at Brandeis University and the MIT media lab. 1 mark per correct point 1 mark for the correct aim. Procedure. 'first trial' response rate 10. 6(a) From the Canli et al. The study was on only one boy so a lot of data could be collected (1 mark). 2010, 2011, Cruickshank et al. AIM: To find whether people would still be obedient to orders from an authority individual even if it means it would result in physically harming others. In the study by Pepperberg (parrot learning), the main way that Alex was trained was called the 'model/rival technique'. Note that this procedure replicated the early studies of song learning in birds in social isolation (e.g. Alex, African Grey Parrot . any study in our laboratory that requires training involves our model/rival technique—use of two humans who . File previews. One human access a trainer and ask the second human questions about two presented objects. 2(a) In the study by Pepperberg, Alex the parrot was trained using the Model/Rival technique. Several aspects contribute to this process: internal and external stimuli, the emotions that they elicit, motivation (wants), behavioural goals, valuation, decision-making and its modulation by. For example, in terms of nature, African Grey Parrots have shown to be a particularly intelligent species, and there are clearly differences in this parrots abilities . 1 mark per correct point One human acts as a trainer to a second human; They present objects and ask questions about the objects; They are given praise and rewarded for correct answers; The parrot must contest for the trainer's attention and vocalize the right answer when the questions are asked to receive the reward or praise instead of the model. answer choices Modeling, Bandura Observation, Saavedra and Silverman Obedience, Milgram Modeling, Piliavin Question 7 30 seconds Q. The research team need to have considered alternatives like video footage (1 mark). BACKGROUND: Researchers found that when an individual's attention is divided, they tend to perform poorer, however, doodling has been found to enhance . 24.8%. 7(a) From the study by Pepperberg (parrot learning): Identify two colours that Alex the parrot could already name before this study began. pepperberg (1) - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. answer . . In the Pepperberg study, what was the parrot's name and breed? [2] (ii) Explain how one finding from the study by Pepperberg does not support the assumption of the learning approach that you have described in (a). In each trial, Alex was presented with two objects that could differ in one of the three categories, what were the categories? Tes paid licence How can I reuse this? One subject Lab experiment. PEPPERBERG PARROT STUDY DRAFT. To investigate if a parrot could understand the concept of same/different 1 1(b) Three categories were used when training Alex the parrot. Leah returns to check on George and sees that his Jaxton-Pratt drain bulb is filled with a strange green fluid that looks . Numbers (of animals) (1 mark). Edit. The technique resulted in Alex learning to talk and improve cognitive abilities. . 2008, Pepperberg 1981, 1987, 1991). 'same' and 'different' 6. Food and water were available at his vocal request at all times during testing. A detailed summary of the core study for the new CIE AS psychology course (9990) - contains: keywords, background, Aims/hypotheses, sampling methods/participants, experimental design, variables, controls, procedure, findings and evaluative points. attention; Andrade. YAMAMOTO et al (2012) Unlike humans, animals help more often at a direct request of their conspecific and not voluntarily. At the start of the procedure of the study by Milgram (obedience), the participant and the stooge were apparently randomly allocated to the roles of teacher or learner.

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